A JavaScript runtime built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine, Node.js is commonly used for server-side scripting. It allows developers to use JavaScript for both frontend and backend development.
A minimal and flexible Node.js web application framework, Express simplifies the process of building robust and scalable web applications and APIs.
A high-level Python web framework, Django follows the "Don't Repeat Yourself" (DRY) principle and encourages rapid development. It includes an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) system for database interactions.
A lightweight and modular Python web framework, Flask is known for its simplicity and flexibility. It is suitable for small to medium-sized projects.
A full-stack web application framework written in Ruby, Rails (or Ruby on Rails) follows the convention over configuration (CoC) and don't repeat yourself (DRY) principles, emphasizing productivity.
An extension of the Java-based Spring framework, Spring Boot simplifies the development of production-ready applications by providing default configurations and conventions.
A NoSQL database, MongoDB stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents. It is particularly well-suited for projects with rapidly changing data requirements.
A popular open-source relational database management system (RDBMS), MySQL is widely used for its reliability, ease of use, and strong community support.
An open-source relational database system known for its extensibility, features, and support for complex queries. PostgreSQL is often chosen for applications requiring advanced data types and features.
A comprehensive mobile and web application development platform, Firebase offers features like real-time database, authentication, hosting, and more. It is particularly popular for rapid development and prototyping.
Swagger (now known as OpenAPI) is a framework for designing, building, and documenting RESTful APIs. It allows developers to define API specifications in a standardized way.
While not exclusive to backend development, Git is an essential version control system used to manage and track changes in code. Platforms like GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket provide hosting and collaboration features.