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1 Introduction

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Introduction

“The best way to predict the future is to create it.”

This article will discuss a few built-in modules in python, mainly we will focus on the random module in python.

Built-in modules

Modules are files containing a set of functions you want to include in your application just by importing them.

Python offers a wide range of modules that can be used effortlessly by importing them.

Import statement

Whenever we need to use a module, we need to import them. Import statements are basically written in many ways let us see them one by one.

Method 1

The simplest form to import a module is

import module_name

If we write the import in the above method we need to call the functions inside the module with module reference.

For example,

import random
random.randint(1,50)#returns a random number between 1 to 50.

Method 2

import module_name as alternate_name

Here, we are importing a module and naming it with a short name so that we can use it whenever necessary.

For Example,

import random as r
r.randint(1,50)#returns a random number between 1 to 50.

Method 3

from module_name import *

This statement will import all the functions available inside the module.

We no need to write the module name every time for using the functions.

For example,

from random import *
randint(1,50)#returns a random number between 1 to 50.

Method 4

from module_name import function_name

Here, we are importing only the function which we are importing all the functions will not be imported.

Random Module

The random module allows us to generate random numbers or random choices.

Frequently used functions inside the random module are,

Function name	Description	Example
random()	Returns a random floating number between 0.0 to 1.0	print(random())#0.6
randint(a,b)	Returns a random integer between the range a,b	print(randint(1,50))#25
randrange(a,b,c)	Returns a random number between the range a,b and optional step count c.	print(randrange(1,50,2))#29
choice(list_name)	Returns a random item in a list.	print(choice([“a”,”b”,”c”])#c
shuffle(list_name)	Returns the shuffled list	print(shuffle([“a”,”b”,”c”])
uniform(a,b)	Returns a random float number inclusive of the range.	print(uniform(1,50))#12.25354

Example

from random import *
print(random())
print(randint(1,50))
print(randrange(1,50,2))
x=["a","b","c"]
print(choice(x))
shuffle(x)
print(x)
print(uniform(1,50))

Output

0.9905010751757418
40
17
c
['b', 'c', 'a']
13.82524351700107

Practice Yourself

Write a program to make the user guess a number between 1-10 and if the guessed number is the same as the random number then the user has won the game. We can give the user 3 chances for guessing the number.

Conclusion

Thus we have understood methods to import the built-in module and have learned in detail regarding the random module in python.

Random module in python